Hormones in the Environment Can Cause Male Infertility Research Paper

Hormones in the Environment Can Cause Male Infertility - Research Paper Example Other substances are generated as a byproduct during manufacturing or are breakdown of chemicals. These compounds can have morphological and physiological effects in the body. In general, health effects associated with EDCs include a range of reproductive problems (reduced fertility, male and female reproductive tract abnormalities, and skewed male/female sex ratios, loss of fetus, menstrual problems); changes in hormone levels; early puberty; brain and behavior problems; impaired immune functions; and various cancers. EDCs not only affect adults but are particularly potent when exposure occurs during fetal and early postnatal development. An environmental endocrine or hormone disruptor is an exogenous agent that interferes with the synthesis, secretion, transport, binding, action, or elimination of natural hormones in the body that are responsible for the maintenance of homeostasis, reproduction, development, and/or behavior. They enter your body through ingestion, inhalation, and d ermal contact. These compounds mimic, enhance (an agonist), or inhibit (an antagonist) the action of hormones. The number of known endocrine disruptors is large and continuously increasing, and includes both naturally occurring and synthetic substances. Some, called phytochemicals, reside in fungus and plants, including mold, clover, whole grains, soybeans and other legumes, and many fruits and vegetables. Human activities release other naturally occurring EDCs: the heavy metals lead, mercury, and cadmium. Chemically, environmental hormones such as polychlorinated dibenzop- dioxins (PCDDs), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-ethane (DDT), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are composed of an aromatic system substituted with chlorine at various positions. They are potently toxic in biological systems, and teratogenic to animals. Moreover, it has been reported that the chemicals 2,2-bis(p-ydroxyphenyl)propane (bisphenol A, BPA) and diethyl stilbestrol (DES) mimic natural hormon es, and may disrupt the endocrine systems in animals and humans (Kobayashi et al. 680). Common EDCs having estrogenic activity can come from house hold material like solvents and adhesives such as those found in nail polish, paint remover, and glues; emulsifiers & waxes found in soaps and cosmetics, dry cleaning chemicals, nearly all plastics, (also phthalates, synthetic compounds that add flexibility to plastics, such as the plastic tubes and bags used in storing and delivering IV fluids to patients, and the rubbery toys children play with), meat from livestock fed estrogenic drugs to fatten them up, surfactants such as nonoxonyl (spermicides) found in many condoms and diaphragm gels, and petrochemically based scented products & perfumes. Synthetic chemicals such as pesticides, herbicides, polychiorinated biphenyls (PCBs), plasticizers, and surfactant breakdown products are known to have estrogenic activity. Currently, four major classes of environmental hormones that interact dire ctly with steroid hormone receptors are known: environmental estrogens, environmental antiestrogens, environmental antiprogestins, and environmental antiandrogens. Physiologically dioxin acts as antiestrogenic; carbamate insecticides as antiprogestigenic; and polyaromatic hydrocarbons, linuron, vinclozolin, and p,p’-DDE as antiandrogenic (Cheek and McLachlan 9). The hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis is a critical part in the development and regulation of

Effective Devices :: Linguistics Language Communication Essays

Effective Devices There is a description of the family who migrated from Vietnam to the US, and they are having a language problem inside of family in the essay, â€Å"Language Use in Family and in Society,† from the English textbook, Constructing Others, Constructing Ourselves. (Lee Thomas, Linh Cao 61 -71). The parents cannot speak English although the children are comfortable with speaking English. As a result, the parents and children cannot communicate appropriately in various situations, and the parents have lost their authority on their children. The children do not respect their parents because they cannot be proud of their parents. In fact, the majority of people who migrated to the US forget their mother tongue after coming to the US because it is no longer necessary for them. The authors, Lee Thomas and Linh Cao, inform us to take this issue as a serious thing for the future of the U.S. In this essay, they use very effective strategies to help the audience understand this issue. I will analyze this essay by using the concepts of rhetorical triangle, structure of the argument, and rhetorical appeals. First, I use rhetorical triangle to analyze the essay. First, Lee Thomas and Linh Cao are the authors of this essay. Lee Thomas teaches linguistics courses in the English department at the University of Nevada, Reno, and Linh Cao is also an English teacher at Sparks High School in Nevada. There are professionals in the study of English. Secondly, the audience is English teacher, people who are in this situation, people who are interested in this problem, and the US government. Third, the purpose is to inform to the US government and American people about the issue that parents and children who cannot communicate with their family because of the different languages which they are familiar with individually. The issue has not well known to the majority of people in the U.S. However, the number of people in this situation will increase in the future because of immigration to the US, and it will continue to cause serious problems. Secondly, I will analyze the essay in terms of the structure of the argument. There are five different aspects.

Democratization processes Essay

Here it is important to mention that foreign economic aid constitutes one more vital facet of globalization influence upon expansion of democratization processes as it is a foremost resource of capital for developing countries. During the early phases of their economic development, developing nations often rely extensively on financial backing from a range of sources (Arblaster, 1999, p. 39). To a considerable degree, the results of their economic advance depend substantially on the accessibility of capital and foreign financial assistance. Being refused of such aid, some of developing countries would never economic development and win their place in the global markets. But foreign allocations in most cases require accomplishment of specific conditions usually related to forcing developing countries to liberalize and rationalize their economies which is impossible without democratic changes implementation (Imai, 1996, p.8). Inclusion in the system of world economic relations constitutes a source of influence of democratic ideas prevailing in industrial world upon the society of developing nation. Thus, international political and communicative ties deriving from high contemporary level of development of global information systems are one of the critical external factors encouraging middle class to perceive democratic values such as individual liberties, eligibility right etc. Along with other internal factors it expands the social basis for opposition to autocratic regime (Shepherd, 1998, p. 48). Escalating trade and industry integration among the countries has considerably lessened the barriers between national economies, weakening the autonomy of national governments and their political control over their societies (Imai, 1996, p. 9). Thus, amplified economic internationalization confines the variety of options existing for national governments in preserving powerful centralized control.

Love Yourself, There’s No One Better - 1294 Words

Marilyn Monroe once said, â€Å"Wanting to be someone else is a waste of the person you are.† Self-esteem is a big controversial issue in our country today. Self-esteem is the confidence in one’s own worth or abilities. Carl Rodgers was the first psychologist to study the benefits of self-esteem. The self-esteem movement began around 1969 and there was a big push when the ‘me’ generation began in 1985 (Stephenson, 2004). Parents and teachers began to praise kids instead of punish them and to teach them that there are no losers in life, only winners. Minorities began to push for equally in the work place and women were tired of being inferior to men. Everyone wanted to feel confident in themselves and what they were doing. So what is the†¦show more content†¦Before surgery, Nadia was picked on for her looks and did not have a lot of friends. She was very shy because of the way she felt about herself on the outside. â€Å"I look beautiful,† s aid Nadia Ilse after surgery, â€Å"This is exactly what I wanted.† Even though it worked for Nadia, is corrective surgery the right answer? Some parents argue plastic surgery teaches a kid that looks matter more than personality. It does contradict what most kids are taught growing up, but it backs what they see in the media. Most celebrities have had a nose job or breast implant at some point in their life and magazines and shows such as TMZ make it apparent. Plastic surgery costs money, that’s why you mostly only hear of celebrities having the procedures. When a teenager undergoes plastic surgery it sets them apart from other teenagers. â€Å"There’s an ‘ick factor’ in putting the responsibility on the victim to alter something about themselves rather than†¦ encouraging greater tolerance of differences among teen,† says Vivian Diller, a psychologist from New York who believes plastic surgery is not the answer to the bullying problem (Krishnan, 2013). The media, and sometimes parents, are sending a negative message about body image. Instead of allowing kids to fix what they do not like about their bodies, they should beShow MoreRelatedAbandonment Issue Essay816 Words   |  4 Pages You ask me what are abandonment issues? Look at me. Here I stand smiling at you full of fear and anxiety. Ill tell you what it is. Listen to my words. Listen without judgement. Your judgment only makes my anxiety worse. Put yourself in my lonely shoes. Abandonment issues are waking up with tear-stained pillow plastered to your face. 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